How to create a boot disk Quick links What is a boot disk?Creating a MS-DOS boot diskCreating a Windows 3.x boot diskCreating a Windows 95 boot diskCreating a Windows 98 or ME boot diskCreating a Windows NT boot diskCreating a Windows 2000 boot diskCreating a Windows XP boot diskCopying additional filesHow to use a boot diskTroubleshooting What is a boot disk? A boot disk will allow you to boot off of a diskette instead of your hard drive. This diskette can be used to fix issues that may arise during the lifetime of your computer and/or to help load older MS-DOS games. Tip: After you have created a boot diskette, it is highly recommended that you write-protect the diskette to prevent possible computer virus infection and to help the diskette from being erased. Creating a MS-DOS boot disk Note: These steps are for users who have MS-DOS installed on the computer. If you have any version of Windows follow the below steps for your version of Windows. To create a MS-DOS diskette, begin by getting to the DOS directory by typing: cd\dos Once at the C:\DOS directory, skip to copying files. Index Category:SoftwareCompanies:MicrosoftRelated Pages: Autoexec.bat / Config.sysFloppy DriveMS-DOSWindows 95Windows 98Windows NTWindows 2000 Resolved Were you able to locate the answer to your questions? Yes No Creating a Windows 3.X boot disk Note: These steps are for users who have Windows 3.x installed on the computer. To create a Windows 3.x diskette, from Windows Program manager, click File and then choose the option to Exit Windows, which will get you to a prompt; at the prompt, type: cd\dos Once at the C:\DOS directory, skip to copying files. Creating a Windows 95 boot disk Note: These steps are for users who have Windows 95 installed on the computer. In Windows 95, Microsoft has created a new method of creating a bootable recovery diskette. Unfortunately, however, this diskette does not support CD-ROM support and is missing a few recommended files. To do this, click Start / Settings / Control Panel / double-click the Add Remove programs icon / click the Startup Disk and create disk. Alternatively, to create a Windows 95 boot diskette manually from Windows, click Start / Shutdown and choose the option to restart the computer in a MS-DOS prompt. At the prompt, type: cd\windows\command Once at the C:\DOS directory, skip to copying files. Creating a Windows 98 / ME boot disk Note: These steps are for users who have Windows 98 or Windows ME installed on the computer. An excellent feature of Windows 98/ME is its boot diskette. Using Windows to create you a Windows 98 boot diskette will give you all the needed files as well as CD-ROM support. To create a Windows 98 boot diskette, click Start / Settings / Control Panel / double-click the Add Remove programs icon / click the Startup Disk and create disk. Alternatively, to create a Windows 98 boot diskette manually from Windows, click Start / Shutdown and choose the option to restart the computer in a MS-DOS prompt. At the prompt, type: cd\windows\command Once at the C:\DOS directory, skip to copying files. Copying additional files NOTE: When making a boot disk, if you are running "Stacker" or some kind of a DoubleSpace or drive swapper program, this could not work Once you are in DOS and at the correct directory as instructed in the above sections by operating system, you are ready to create your bootable diskette. Insert a diskette that does not contain any information (it will be erased). At the prompt, if you have MS-DOS 6.2 / Windows 3.x / Windows 95 / Windows 98, type: FORMAT A:/S If you have MS-DOS 5.0 type using double density 5.25" diskettes type: FORMAT A: /360 /S If you have MS- DOS 3.11 through 4.0 using double density 5.25" diskettes, type: FORMAT A: /4 /S Once the diskette has been formatted and the system has been transferred, you should be returned to your original directory. In this directory, type: copy format*.* a: [PRESS ENTER]copy fdisk*.* a: [PRESS ENTER]copy mscdex*.* a: [PRESS ENTER]copy sys*.* a: [PRESS ENTER]copy edit*.* a: [PRESS ENTER]copy qbasic*.* a: [PRESS ENTER] (Win 95/98 users skip this line)copy debug*.* a: [PRESS ENTER]copy himem*.* a: [PRESS ENTER]copy emm386*.* a: [PRESS ENTER] If you are planning to use this diskette as a diskette to load games or you feel that you need mouse support, you will need to copy the mouse driver onto the boot diskette. The MS-DOS mouse driver is generally mouse.com / mouse.sys. Locate this file and copy it to your bootable diskette. For CD-ROM support, visit our CD-ROM drivers page for information on loading your CD-ROM driver. Once you have copied the above files, create an autoexec.bat and a config.sys. Get to the floppy drive by typing A:, once at the floppy drive, type: copy con autoexec.bat [PRESS ENTER]@echo off [PRESS ENTER]LH A:\MSCDEX.EXE /D:CDROM [PRESS ENTER] (this line is used for your CD-ROM drive).LH A:\MOUSE.* [PRESS ENTER] (skip line if you did not copy mouse file, the * is either sys / com). Press and hold CTRL + Z - this should return ^Z. Once this is displayed, press enter to copy the file. copy con config.sys [PRESS ENTER]device=a:\himem.sysdos=high,umbdevice=a:\emm386.exe noemsfiles=30buffers=20devicehigh=a:\oakcdrom.sys /d:CDROM (this line is used for your CD-ROM drive). Press and hold CTRL + Z - this should return ^Z. Once this is displayed, press enter to copy the file. Congratulations, after completing the above steps you should now have a bootable floppy diskette. Creating a Windows NT boot disk To create a boot diskette you must have access to the i386 directory located on your Windows NT CD or possibly your Hard disk drive. Format the floppy diskette you wish to make a bootable Windows NT boot disk using the Windows NT machine. Copy boot.ini, ntdetect.com and ntldr to the floppy diskette just formatted. If you are using any SCSI devices that you need access to, you will also need to load these drivers onto the diskette. Creating a Windows 2000 boot disk To create a Windows 2000 Professional bootable diskette you will need four 1.44MB diskettes and the Windows 2000 Professional CD. Click Start / Run / browse to the CD-ROM drive.Open the "BOOTDISK" folder and double-click makeboot.exe and click ok to launch the program to create the diskette. Users can also easily create an Emergency Repair Disk by clicking Start, Programs, Accessories, System Tools, and opening Backup. From the Backup window, click the button for Emergency Repair Disk and follow each of the steps. Creating a Windows XP boot disk Note: The Microsoft Windows XP CD is a bootable CD and in many cases you should not need a bootable floppy diskette. Booting from the Windows XP CD will allow you to not only install/re-install Windows XP but will also allow you to troubleshoot it. Create MS-DOS bootable diskette When formatting a floppy diskette, users have the option of creating a MS-DOS startup disk, follow the below steps to do this. 1. Place diskette in the computer. 2. Open My Computer, right-click the A: drive and click Format. 3. In the Format window, check Create an MS-DOS startup disk. 4. Click Start Create Windows XP Setup diskettes Microsoft is beginning to phase out bootable floppy diskettes in favor of bootable CD discs and has not included a method of easily creating a bootable floppy diskette in Windows XP or from the CD. However, Microsoft has downloads available for users who still need to create bootable diskettes to install (not upgrade) Windows XP. These downloads can be found through KB310994. Additional help and information about troubleshooting bootable CDs not booting is found on document CH000217. How to use a boot diskette Once the bootable diskette has been successfully created, following the below steps you will be able to boot from the diskette. Place the diskette into write-protect mode (in case a virus is on the computer, this will not allow the virus to transfer itself onto the diskette). Insert the diskette into the computer and reset or turn on the computer to begin the boot process. As the computer is booting, answer the questions prompted (if any). Once at the A:\> take the appropriate actions depending upon the situation of the computer. If you are unfamiliar with MS-DOS we recommend you see our MS-DOS page. TROUBLESHOOTING Reference Issue / Question AC Additional help and information on autoexec.bat / config.sys BATCH Additional help and information about batch files. FLOPPY Additional information and help with the floppy disk drive. FORUM If your question is not listed on this page, please try our online forum. CH000012 Receiving error "Missing command interpreter" CH000280 How to create a Windows ERD. CH000432 What files are needed to boot a PC computer? CH000433 How do I get a boot diskette? CH000434 Can a NTFS partition be accessed using a bootable diskette? CH000566 Unable to restore computer using restore disk. CH000669 How to make a bootable CD.

ntldr file

The NTLDR and Ntdetect.com files are important system files that are used by your computer to start the Windows XP operating system. These files can become damaged, corrupted or deleted for a number of reasons and are usually brought to your attention by the "NTLDR is Missing" error message. Follow these easy steps to restore the damaged/corrupted or missing NTLDR and Ntdetect.com files from the Windows XP CD using the Recovery Console. Difficulty: EasyTime Required: Restoring the NTLDR and Ntdetect.com files from the Windows XP CD usually takes less than 15 minutes Here's How:Enter Windows XP Recovery Console. When you reach the command prompt (detailed in Step 6 in the link above), type the following two commands, pressing Enter after each one: copy d:\i386\ntldr c:\

copy d:\i386\ntdetect.com c:\

(In the command listed above, d represents the drive letter assigned to the optical drive that your Windows XP CD is currently in. While this is most often d, your system could assign a different letter. Also, c:\ represents the root folder of the partition that Windows XP is currently installed on. Again, this is most often the case but your system could be different. If you're prompted to overwrite either of the two files, press Y. ) Take out the Windows XP CD, type exit and then press Enter to restart your PC. Assuming that missing or corrupt versions of the NTLDR and/or Ntdetect.com files were your only issues, Windows XP should now start normally.

windows commands

/shutdown ShutDown Windows Windows (all) /restart Restart Windows Windows (all) /poweroff Power Off Windows 2000/XP/2003 /logoff Log Off curent user Windows (all) /lockws Lock WorkStation Windows (all) /hibernate Hibernate Mode 2000/XP/2003 /standby Standby Mode Windows (all) /fshutdown Force ShutDown Windows Windows (all) /frestart Force Restart Windows Windows (all) /fpoweroff Force Power Off Windows 2000/XP/2003 /flogoff Force Log Off curent user Windows (all) /fhibernate Force Hibernate Mode 2000/XP/2003 /fstandby Force Standby Mode Windows (all) /hide Run ShutDown+ in Silent Mode Windows (all) /show Show the tray icon when running in Silent Mode Windows (all) /? or /help Help screen

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प्रदूषण घालवणारी टॉप टेन झाडे (दुर्गा मोघे) नासाच्या प्रयोगानुसार घरातल्या प्रदूषणावर मात करणाऱ्या झाडांच्या प्रयोगाची आपण माहिती पाहिली. ही झाडे कोणती ते जाणून घेण्याची आपली उत्सुकता असेल. महत्त्वाचे म्हणजे काही अपवाद वगळता ही झाडे आपल्या परिचयाची व सहज उपलब्ध होणारी आहेत. ........घरातल्या रंग, वॉर्निश इ बेन्झीन तर पार्टिकल बोर्ड, विविध स्वच्छके यांच्यामध्ये फॉर्मल्डेहाइडचा वापर केलेला असतो. याशिवाय चिकटवण्याची रसायने (ऍडेझिव्हस), रंग वॉर्निश यांमध्ये ट्रायक्‍लोरोइथीलीन या प्रदूषक रसायनांचा वापर केलेला असतो. हे प्रदूषण कसे कमी करता येईल याचा विचार करताना नासाने विविध सहज उपलब्ध होणाऱ्या शोभेच्या झाडांची निवड करून प्रयोग केले. त्यात जी १० मुख्य झाडे समोर आली ती आपल्यालाही सहज उपलब्ध होऊ शकतात. बांबू पाम/ शॅमेडोरीया पाम हा अनेक ठिकाणी पाहायला मिळणारा, कुंडीत किंवा जमिनीत सहजपणे येणारा पाम पहिल्या क्रमांकावर आहे. त्यापाठोपाठ अगदी नेहमीचे झालेले चंदेरी हिरव्या रंगसंगतीचे ऍगलोनीमाचे झाड आहे. इंग्लिश आयव्ही हे तिसऱ्या क्रमांकाचे झाड आपल्याकडे फारसे नसते, मात्र त्यानंतरचे जर्बेराचे झाड व त्याची फुले आता सर्वांच्या परिचयाची आहेत. ड्रसीनाच्या रंगीबेरंगी ३ प्रकारांच्या वनस्पतींचा क्रमांक अनुक्रमे पाच, सहा व सातवा आहे. त्यात जेनेट क्रेग, लालसर लांबट पानांची मार्जिनाटा व मक्‍यासारख्या पानांची कॉर्न प्लांट यांची वर्णी लागते. घणसपपात या सापाच्या पाठीसारख्या दिसणाऱ्या वनस्पतीला आठवे स्थान, तर शेवंतीला नववे व नागफणी अथवा स्पॅथीफायलम याला दहावे स्थान मिळाले आहे. यातली शेवंती व जर्बेरा ही फूलझाडे सोडली, तर बाकीची सर्व सावलीतही उत्तम वाढतात. त्यामुळे यातली अनेक झाडे (व त्यांचे भाइबंदही-त्या कुळातली अन्य झाडे) मुद्दाम प्रदूषण नियंत्रणासाठी लावता येतील. टॉप टेन झाडांव्यतिरिक्त अन्य झाडेही प्रदूषण दूर करण्यास मदत करतातच. कारण नासाच्या प्रयोगातल्या काही मर्यादा लक्षात घेतल्या, तर एक उदाहरण म्हणून या वनस्पतींकडे पाहणे इष्ट ठरेल. तुळस, औदुंबर, कडुलिंब यांसारख्या झाडांचा त्यांच्या अभ्यासात समावेश नसल्याने अशा अनेक देशी वनस्पतीही त्यातून सुटल्या असतील. त्यामुळे "टॉप टेन'च्या यादीतली झाडे तुमच्याकडे असतील तरी उत्तम, मिळत असली तरीही उत्तम; पण अजिबात नसतीलच तर खट्टू होण्याचे कारण नाही. पण या निमित्ताने काही नवी झाडे लावण्याचे आपल्या मनात आले, तरी या लिखाणाचा उद्देश सफल झाला असे म्हणता येईल!

Mumbai's Best Place

भिजरा पाऊस सोबत झोंबरा वारा घेऊन आला की मरिन ड्राईव्हला दर्याचं उधाण पाहायला गर्दी उसळते. खडकांवर आदळून लाटांचे झालेले हजारो तुषार अंगावर घेत चिंब होण्याचा हा वाषिर्क सोहळा. सळसळणारा वारा, रिमझिमणारा पाऊस अंगावर घेत पोरंटोरं फेसाळणाऱ्या समुद्रासारखी बेभान होतात.

Office Stress

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माझी पहिली कविता

पावसाळ्यातील रिमझिम  गाणे माझ्या, कवी मनाला जागे करते.
कवी मनाची ती कवीता, पावसालाही याववयास सांगते. 

हळूच एक गार वारा, मला स्पर्श करूनी जातो. 
आणी जाता जाता , त्या पावसाची चाहूल देऊन जातों. 

मग माझ्या कपड्यांवर , काही टीपके पडलेले दिसतात. 
ते दुसरे-तीसरे काही नसून, त्याच पावसाचे थेंब असतात.

हळूच मोठा पाउस येतो , आणी मला भिजवुनी  जातो.
जणू माझ्या सुकलेल्या मनाला , तो मंत्रमुग्ध करूनी जातो

अशा या पावसात , चिंब - चिंब  भिजावस वाटत. 
अशा या पावसात , कुणीतरी हवहवस वाटत

क्षणातच नाहीसा होतो , आणी मला भिजवुनी जातो. 
पण जाता जाता सांगून जातो , मी पून्हा येइन.

मी पून्हा येइन, तुझ्या मनातील दु:खाच्या डोंगराला  नाहीसा करण्यासाठी (2) 

असा हा पाउस काहीचा न बोलता , बरेच काही बोलून जातो. 
म्हणुनच हा पावसाळा मला , आपलासा वाटतो ।

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I am Nilesh Nepte Living in mumbai.